Risk Information and Clinic Policy
Brucella canis is a bacterial infection that affects dogs and can be passed to people. Dogs with the infection may show no symptoms but can still pass it on. The bacteria is most likely to be found in reproductive tissues, but it can also be present in blood, urine, saliva, and other body fluids. Although human cases are very rare, some groups are more vulnerable, including children, pregnant individuals, and anyone with a weakened immune system. Because of this, many UK veterinary practices, including ourselves now use strict safety measures to protect our clients, staff, and other pets.
UK Government policy on Brucella canis: information for the public and dog owners
Imported and Travelling Dogs
We ask all clients about import history and travel because Brucella canis is more common in some countries, such as Romania or Ukraine. If a dog has been imported or has had close contact with an infected dog, we require proof of a negative test taken at least three months after arrival or last exposure. Until this is available, we class the dog as untested.
Untested dogs cannot be seen for:
- Routine appointments
- Elective procedures
- Hospitalisation
They can be seen for genuine emergencies only, using isolation and protective equipment. We reserve the right to refuse certain high-risk procedures and do not take in referrals for untested dogs.
Testing
Brucella canis testing must be carried out after the appropriate waiting period to ensure accurate results. If testing is done earlier due to clinical need, a repeat test will still be required at the three month mark. Unfortunately this includes current government-recommended pre-import tests as they will not pick up more recent infections.
If a dog tests positive
A confirmed positive result means:
- No routine treatment can be provided
- No home visits can be offered
- Only euthanasia or approved re-testing (for in-contact dogs) is available
This is consistent with the national infection control approach used by most practices dealing with confirmed cases.
A senior vet will talk through risks, government advice, and next steps. Humane euthanasia is usually recommended due to the ongoing risk of transmission to your own family and other pets and lack of curative treatment.